Effect of a 12-hour natural drainage technique on decreasing blood loss after total knee arthroplasty: a case-control study

摘要

Background: Different methods of drainage have been used in patients with osteoarthritis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but the ideal strategy is controversial. This retrospective case-control study reported a technique of twelve-hour natural drainage and aimed to confirm its efficacy and safety in the treatment on the blood loss following TKA.Methods: There were 231 patients divided into three groups who underwent TKA from Jan 2014 to July 2017: 76 patients underwent twelve-hour natural drainage in Group A, 80 patients underwent four-hour clamping drainage in Group B and 75 patients underwent continuous drainage in Group C. All perioperative clinical data were reviewed for statistical analysis.Results: The drainage volume and total blood loss after TKA were significantly lower in Group A than that in other two groups (p<0.05), and serum level of hemoglobin was significantly higher in Group A than that in other two groups (p<0.05). The maximum of active motion of the knee was greater in Group C at 2 days (P< 0.05). Significantly more patients in Group C required blood transfusions (p< 0.05). No difference was found in complication rate among the three groups.Conclusions: The twelve-hour natural drainage is an effective technique on reducing blood loss for patients following TKA. Compared with temporary clamping drainage and continuous negative pressure drainage, twelve-hour natural drainage decreases blood loss, reduces post-operative transfusion requirements but does not increase the risk of complications. Therefore, this technique of twelve-hour natural drainage is recommended to be used in patients after TKA.

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